// This is Free Software under GNU Affero General Public License v >= 3.0
// without warranty, see README.md and license for details.
//
// SPDX-License-Identifier: AGPL-3.0-or-later
// License-Filename: LICENSES/AGPL-3.0.txt
//
// Copyright (C) 2018 by via donau
//   – Österreichische Wasserstraßen-Gesellschaft mbH
// Software engineering by Intevation GmbH
//
// Author(s):
//  * Sascha L. Teichmann <sascha.teichmann@intevation.de>
//  * Tom Gottfried <tom@intevation.de>

package imports

import (
	"archive/zip"
	"bufio"
	"context"
	"crypto/sha1"
	"database/sql"
	"encoding/hex"
	"errors"
	"fmt"
	"io"
	"math"
	"os"
	"path"
	"path/filepath"
	"strconv"
	"strings"
	"time"

	shp "github.com/jonas-p/go-shp"

	"gemma.intevation.de/gemma/pkg/common"
	"gemma.intevation.de/gemma/pkg/models"
	"gemma.intevation.de/gemma/pkg/octree"
)

// SoundingResult is a Job to import sounding reults
// from a ZIP file into the database.
type SoundingResult struct {
	// Dir is the folder in the file system where the
	// 'sr.zip' is expect to be.
	Dir string `json:"dir"`

	// Override data
	// Date if given overrides the date value from the meta.json.
	Date *models.Date `json:"date,omitempty"`
	// Date if given overrides the name of the bottleneck from the meta.json.
	Bottleneck *string `json:"bottleneck,omitempty"`
	// EPSG if given overrides the EPSG code from the meta.json.
	// Defaults to WGS84.
	EPSG *uint `json:"epsg,omitempty"`
	// DepthReference if given overides the DepthReference value
	// from the meta.json.
	DepthReference *string `json:"depth-reference,omitempty"`
	// SingleBeam indicates that the sounding is a single beam scan.
	SingleBeam *bool `json:"single-beam,omitempty"`
	// NegateZ indicated that the Z values of thy XYZ input should be
	// multiplied by -1.
	NegateZ *bool `json:"negate-z,omitempty"`
}

const (
	contourStepWidth = 0.1
	contourTolerance = 0.1
)

const (
	pointsPerSquareMeter = 2
)

// SRJobKind is the unique name of this import job type.
const SRJobKind JobKind = "sr"

type srJobCreator struct{}

func init() { RegisterJobCreator(SRJobKind, srJobCreator{}) }

func (srJobCreator) Description() string { return "sounding results" }

func (srJobCreator) AutoAccept() bool { return false }

func (srJobCreator) Create() Job { return new(SoundingResult) }

func (srJobCreator) Depends() [2][]string {
	return [2][]string{
		{"sounding_results", "sounding_results_contour_lines"},
		{"bottlenecks"},
	}
}

func (srJobCreator) StageDone(
	ctx context.Context,
	tx *sql.Tx,
	id int64,
) error {
	_, err := tx.ExecContext(ctx, srStageDoneSQL, id)
	return err
}

const (
	srStageDoneSQL = `
UPDATE waterway.sounding_results SET staging_done = true
WHERE id = (
  SELECT key from import.track_imports
  WHERE import_id = $1 AND
        relation = 'waterway.sounding_results'::regclass)`

	insertHullSQL = `
INSERT INTO waterway.sounding_results (
  bottleneck_id,
  date_info,
  depth_reference,
  area
) SELECT
  bottleneck_id,
  $2::date,
  $3,
  (SELECT
    CASE WHEN $5::bytea IS NULL THEN
      ST_Transform(ST_ConcaveHull(ST_Force2D(ST_GeomFromWKB($4, $6::integer)), 0.7), 4326)::geography
    ELSE
      ST_MakeValid(ST_Transform(ST_GeomFromWKB($5, $6::integer), 4326))::geography
    END)
FROM waterway.bottlenecks
WHERE objnam = $1 AND validity @> CAST($2 AS timestamptz)
RETURNING
  id,
  ST_X(ST_Centroid(area::geometry)),
  ST_Y(ST_Centroid(area::geometry)),
  best_utm(area),
  ST_AsBinary(ST_Transform(area::geometry, best_utm(area)))
`

	reprojectPointsBufferedSQL = `
SELECT
  ST_AsBinary(ST_Transform(ST_GeomFromWKB($1, $2::integer), $3::integer)),
  ST_AsBinary(ST_Buffer(ST_Transform(ST_GeomFromWKB($1, $2::integer), $3::integer), 0.1)),
  ST_Area(ST_Transform(ST_GeomFromWKB($1, $2::integer), $3::integer))`

	insertOctreeSQL = `
UPDATE waterway.sounding_results SET
  octree_checksum = $2, octree_index = $3
WHERE id = $1`

	repairBoundarySQL = `
SELECT
  ST_AsBinary(ST_Buffer(ST_MakeValid(ST_GeomFromWKB($1, $2::integer)), 0.0)),
  ST_AsBinary(ST_Buffer(ST_MakeValid(ST_GeomFromWKB($1, $2::integer)), 0.1))`

	insertContourSQL = `
INSERT INTO waterway.sounding_results_contour_lines (
  sounding_result_id,
  height,
  lines
)
SELECT
  $1,
  $2,
  ST_Transform(
    ST_Multi(
      ST_CollectionExtract(
        ST_SimplifyPreserveTopology(
          ST_Multi(ST_Collectionextract(
            ST_MakeValid(ST_GeomFromWKB($4, $3::integer)), 2)),
          $5
        ),
        2
      )
    ),
    4326
  )
FROM waterway.sounding_results sr
WHERE id = $1
`

	selectGaugeLDCSQL = `
SELECT
  grwl.value,
  grwl.depth_reference
FROM waterway.gauges_reference_water_levels grwl
  JOIN waterway.bottlenecks bns
    ON grwl.location = bns.gauge_location
      AND grwl.validity @> CAST($2 AS timestamptz)
WHERE bns.objnam = $1
  AND bns.validity @> CAST($2 AS timestamptz)
  AND grwl.depth_reference like 'LDC%'
`

	reprojectPointsSingleBeamSQL = `
SELECT
  ST_AsBinary(
    ST_Transform(
	  ST_GeomFromWKB($1, $2::integer),
	  best_utm(CAST(ST_Transform(ST_GeomFromWKB($1, $2::integer), 4326) AS geography)))),
  best_utm(CAST(ST_Transform(ST_GeomFromWKB($1, $2::integer), 4326) AS geography))
`
)

func (sr *SoundingResult) singleBeam() bool {
	return sr.SingleBeam != nil && *sr.SingleBeam
}

func (sr *SoundingResult) negateZ() bool {
	return sr.NegateZ != nil && *sr.NegateZ
}

// Do executes the actual sounding result import.
func (sr *SoundingResult) Do(
	ctx context.Context,
	importID int64,
	conn *sql.Conn,
	feedback Feedback,
) (interface{}, error) {

	start := time.Now()

	zpath := filepath.Join(sr.Dir, "sr.zip")

	z, err := zip.OpenReader(zpath)
	if err != nil {
		feedback.Info("%v", err)
		feedback.Info("Falling back to TXT file mode.")
		z = nil
	}
	if z != nil {
		defer z.Close()
	}

	feedback.Info("Looking for 'meta.json'")

	mf := common.FindInZIP(z, "meta.json")
	if mf == nil && !sr.completeOverride() {
		return nil, errors.New("cannot find 'meta.json'")
	}

	m, err := sr.loadMeta(mf)
	if err != nil {
		return nil, err
	}

	feedback.Info("Bottleneck: %s", m.Bottleneck)
	feedback.Info("Survey date: %s", m.Date.Format(common.DateFormat))

	var xform vertexTransform

	if sr.negateZ() {
		xform = negateZTransform
	} else {
		xform = identityTransform
	}

	if m.DepthReference == "ZPG" {
		feedback.Info("Found ZPG as reference system -> translating Z values to LDC")
		var ldc float64
		var depthReference string
		err := conn.QueryRowContext(ctx,
			selectGaugeLDCSQL,
			m.Bottleneck,
			m.Date.Time,
		).Scan(
			&ldc,
			&depthReference,
		)
		switch {
		case err == sql.ErrNoRows:
			return nil, errors.New("cannot load LDC value")
		case err != nil:
			return nil, err
		}

		// LDC is cm. The data is in m.
		ldc /= 100
		xform = chainTransforms(
			xform,
			func(v octree.Vertex) octree.Vertex {
				return octree.Vertex{X: v.X, Y: v.Y, Z: v.Z + ldc}
			})
		m.DepthReference = depthReference
	}

	if err := m.Validate(ctx, conn); err != nil {
		return nil, common.ToError(err)
	}

	var xyz octree.MultiPointZ

	if z != nil { // Scanning ZIP file for *.xyz file.
		var xyzf *zip.File
		for _, ext := range []string{".xyz", ".txt"} {
			feedback.Info("Looking for '*%s'", ext)
			if xyzf = common.FindInZIP(z, ext); xyzf != nil {
				break
			}
		}
		if xyzf == nil {
			return nil, errors.New("cannot find any *.xyz or *.txt file")
		}
		xyz, err = loadXYZ(xyzf, feedback, xform)
	} else { // TXT file mode
		xyz, err = loadXYZFile(zpath, feedback, xform)
	}
	if err != nil {
		return nil, err
	}

	if len(xyz) == 0 {
		return nil, errors.New("XYZ does not contain any vertices")
	}

	// Is there a boundary shapefile in the ZIP archive?
	boundary, err := loadBoundary(z)
	if err != nil {
		return nil, err
	}

	tx, err := conn.BeginTx(ctx, nil)
	if err != nil {
		return nil, err
	}
	defer tx.Rollback()

	var summary interface{}

	if sr.singleBeam() {
		summary, err = sr.processScan(
			ctx,
			tx,
			feedback,
			true,
			importID,
			m,
			xyz,
			boundary,
		)
	} else {
		summary, err = sr.processScan(
			ctx,
			tx,
			feedback,
			false,
			importID,
			m,
			xyz,
			boundary,
		)
	}
	if err != nil {
		return nil, err
	}

	if err = tx.Commit(); err != nil {
		feedback.Error(
			"Storing sounding result failed after %v.", time.Since(start))
		return nil, err
	}

	feedback.Info(
		"Storing sounding result was successful after %v.", time.Since(start))

	return summary, nil
}

func (sr *SoundingResult) processScan(
	ctx context.Context,
	tx *sql.Tx,
	feedback Feedback,
	singleBeam bool,
	importID int64,
	m *models.SoundingResultMeta,
	xyz octree.MultiPointZ,
	boundary polygonSlice,
) (interface{}, error) {

	if singleBeam {
		feedback.Info("Processing as single beam scan.")
	} else {
		feedback.Info("Processing as multi beam scan.")
	}

	feedback.Info("Reproject XYZ data.")

	start := time.Now()

	xyzWKB := xyz.AsWKB()
	var reproj []byte
	var epsg uint32

	if err := tx.QueryRowContext(
		ctx,
		reprojectPointsSingleBeamSQL,
		xyzWKB,
		m.EPSG,
	).Scan(&reproj, &epsg); err != nil {
		return nil, err
	}

	if err := xyz.FromWKB(reproj); err != nil {
		return nil, err
	}

	feedback.Info("Reprojecting points to EPSG %d took %v.",
		epsg, time.Since(start))
	feedback.Info("Number of reprojected points: %d", len(xyz))
	feedback.Info("Triangulate XYZ data.")

	start = time.Now()
	tri, err := octree.Triangulate(xyz)
	if err != nil {
		return nil, err
	}
	feedback.Info("Triangulation took %v.", time.Since(start))
	feedback.Info("Number triangles: %d.", len(tri.Triangles)/3)

	var (
		clippingPolygon         octree.Polygon
		clippingPolygonBuffered octree.Polygon
		removed                 map[int32]struct{}
		polygonArea             float64
		clippingPolygonWKB      []byte
		tin                     *octree.Tin
	)

	if boundary == nil {
		feedback.Info("No boundary given. Calulate from XYZ data.")
		tooLongEdge := tri.EstimateTooLong()
		feedback.Info("Eliminate triangles with edges longer than %.2f meters.", tooLongEdge)

		var polygon octree.LineStringZ
		start = time.Now()
		polygon, removed = tri.ConcaveHull(tooLongEdge)

		polygonArea = polygon.Area()
		if polygonArea < 0.0 { // counter clockwise
			polygonArea = -polygonArea
			polygon.Reverse()
		}

		clippingPolygon.FromLineStringZ(polygon)

		var buffered []byte
		if err := tx.QueryRowContext(
			ctx,
			repairBoundarySQL,
			clippingPolygon.AsWKB(),
			epsg,
		).Scan(&clippingPolygonWKB, &buffered); err != nil {
			return nil, err
		}

		if err := clippingPolygon.FromWKB(clippingPolygonWKB); err != nil {
			return nil, err
		}
		if err := clippingPolygonBuffered.FromWKB(buffered); err != nil {
			return nil, err
		}

		feedback.Info("Calculating took %v.", time.Since(start))

	} else { // has Boundary
		feedback.Info("Using uploaded boundary polygon.")
		var buffered []byte
		if err = tx.QueryRowContext(
			ctx,
			reprojectPointsBufferedSQL,
			boundary.asWKB(),
			m.EPSG,
			epsg,
		).Scan(&clippingPolygonWKB, &buffered, &polygonArea); err != nil {
			return nil, err
		}
		if err := clippingPolygon.FromWKB(clippingPolygonWKB); err != nil {
			return nil, err
		}
		if err := clippingPolygonBuffered.FromWKB(buffered); err != nil {
			return nil, err
		}

		tin := tri.Tin()
		tin.EPSG = epsg

		var str octree.STRTree
		str.Build(tin)

		removed = str.Clip(&clippingPolygon)
	}

	if singleBeam {

		// Build the first mesh to generate random points on.

		feedback.Info("Build virtual DEM based on original XYZ data.")

		start = time.Now()

		var tree *octree.Tree
		{
			builder := octree.NewBuilder(tri.Tin())
			builder.Build(removed)
			tree = builder.Tree()
		}

		feedback.Info("Building took %v", time.Since(start))

		feedback.Info("Boundary area: %.2fm²", polygonArea)

		numPoints := int(math.Ceil(polygonArea * pointsPerSquareMeter))

		feedback.Info("Generate %d random points for an average density of ~%d points/m².",
			numPoints, pointsPerSquareMeter)

		start = time.Now()

		generated := make(octree.LineStringZ, 0, numPoints+clippingPolygon.NumVertices(0))

		tree.GenerateRandomVertices(numPoints, func(vertices []octree.Vertex) {
			generated = append(generated, vertices...)
		})

		feedback.Info("Generating %d points took %v.", len(generated), time.Since(start))

		// Add the boundary to new point cloud.
		dupes := map[[2]float64]struct{}{}
		clippingPolygon.Vertices(0, func(x, y float64) {
			key := [2]float64{x, y}
			if _, found := dupes[key]; found {
				return
			}
			dupes[key] = struct{}{}
			if z, ok := tree.Value(x, y); ok {
				generated = append(generated, octree.Vertex{X: x, Y: y, Z: z})
			}
		})

		feedback.Info("Triangulate new point cloud.")
		xyz = octree.MultiPointZ(generated)
		start = time.Now()

		tri, err = octree.Triangulate(xyz)
		if err != nil {
			return nil, err
		}
		feedback.Info("Second triangulation took %v.", time.Since(start))
		feedback.Info("Number triangles: %d.", len(tri.Triangles)/3)
		feedback.Info("Clipping triangles from new mesh.")

	}

	start = time.Now()
	tin = tri.Tin()
	tin.EPSG = epsg

	var str octree.STRTree
	str.Build(tin)
	feedback.Info("Building STR tree took %v", time.Since(start))

	start = time.Now()

	clippingPolygonBuffered.Indexify()
	removed = str.Clip(&clippingPolygonBuffered)
	feedback.Info("Clipping STR tree took %v.", time.Since(start))
	feedback.Info("Number of triangles to clip %d.", len(removed))

	feedback.Info("Build final octree index")

	builder := octree.NewBuilder(tin)
	builder.Build(removed)
	octreeIndex, err := builder.Bytes()
	if err != nil {
		return nil, err
	}
	feedback.Info("Building octree took %v.", time.Since(start))
	feedback.Info("Store octree.")

	start = time.Now()

	var (
		id       int64
		dummy    uint32
		lat, lon float64
	)

	var hull []byte

	err = tx.QueryRowContext(
		ctx,
		insertHullSQL,
		m.Bottleneck,
		m.Date.Time,
		m.DepthReference,
		nil,
		clippingPolygonWKB,
		epsg,
	).Scan(
		&id,
		&lat,
		&lon,
		&dummy,
		&hull,
	)

	switch {
	case err == sql.ErrNoRows:
		return nil, fmt.Errorf(
			"no matching bottleneck of given name or time available: %v", err)
	case err != nil:
		return nil, err
	}

	h := sha1.New()
	h.Write(octreeIndex)
	checksum := hex.EncodeToString(h.Sum(nil))
	_, err = tx.ExecContext(ctx, insertOctreeSQL, id, checksum, octreeIndex)
	if err != nil {
		return nil, err
	}
	feedback.Info("Storing octree index took %s.", time.Since(start))
	feedback.Info("Generate contour lines")

	start = time.Now()
	err = generateContours(ctx, tx, feedback, builder.Tree(), id)
	if err != nil {
		return nil, err
	}
	feedback.Info("Generating contour lines took %s.",
		time.Since(start))

	// Store for potential later removal.
	if err = track(ctx, tx, importID, "waterway.sounding_results", id); err != nil {
		return nil, err
	}

	summary := struct {
		Bottleneck string      `json:"bottleneck"`
		Date       models.Date `json:"date"`
		Lat        float64     `json:"lat"`
		Lon        float64     `json:"lon"`
	}{
		Bottleneck: m.Bottleneck,
		Date:       m.Date,
		Lat:        lat,
		Lon:        lon,
	}

	return &summary, nil
}

// CleanUp removes the folder containing the ZIP file with the
// the sounding result import.
func (sr *SoundingResult) CleanUp() error {
	return os.RemoveAll(sr.Dir)
}

func (sr *SoundingResult) completeOverride() bool {
	// sr.EPSG == nil -> WGS84
	return sr.Bottleneck != nil &&
		sr.Date != nil &&
		sr.DepthReference != nil &&
		sr.SingleBeam != nil &&
		sr.NegateZ != nil
}

func (sr *SoundingResult) loadMeta(f *zip.File) (*models.SoundingResultMeta, error) {
	if f == nil {
		var epsg uint
		if sr.EPSG != nil {
			epsg = *sr.EPSG
		} else {
			epsg = models.WGS84
		}
		return &models.SoundingResultMeta{
			Date:           *sr.Date,
			Bottleneck:     *sr.Bottleneck,
			EPSG:           epsg,
			DepthReference: *sr.DepthReference,
			SingleBeam:     sr.singleBeam(),
			NegateZ:        sr.negateZ(),
		}, nil
	}
	r, err := f.Open()
	if err != nil {
		return nil, err
	}
	defer r.Close()
	var m models.SoundingResultMeta
	if err := m.Decode(r); err != nil {
		return nil, err
	}

	// Apply overrides
	if sr.Date != nil {
		m.Date = *sr.Date
	}
	if sr.Bottleneck != nil {
		m.Bottleneck = *sr.Bottleneck
	}
	if sr.EPSG != nil {
		m.EPSG = *sr.EPSG
	}
	if sr.DepthReference != nil {
		m.DepthReference = *sr.DepthReference
	}
	if sr.SingleBeam != nil {
		m.SingleBeam = *sr.SingleBeam
	}
	if sr.NegateZ != nil {
		m.NegateZ = *sr.NegateZ
	}

	return &m, nil
}

type vertexTransform func(octree.Vertex) octree.Vertex

func identityTransform(v octree.Vertex) octree.Vertex { return v }

func negateZTransform(v octree.Vertex) octree.Vertex {
	return octree.Vertex{X: v.X, Y: v.Y, Z: -v.Z}
}

func chainTransforms(a, b vertexTransform) vertexTransform {
	return func(v octree.Vertex) octree.Vertex { return b(a(v)) }
}

func loadXYZReader(r io.Reader, feedback Feedback, xform vertexTransform) (octree.MultiPointZ, error) {
	mpz := make(octree.MultiPointZ, 0, 250000)
	s := bufio.NewScanner(r)

	warnLimiter := common.WarningLimiter{Log: feedback.Warn, MaxWarnings: 100}
	warn := warnLimiter.Warn
	defer warnLimiter.Close()

	for line := 1; s.Scan(); line++ {
		text := s.Text()
		var p octree.Vertex
		// fmt.Sscanf(text, "%f,%f,%f") is 4 times slower.
		idx := strings.IndexByte(text, ',')
		if idx == -1 {
			warn("format error in line %d", line)
			continue
		}
		var err error
		if p.X, err = strconv.ParseFloat(text[:idx], 64); err != nil {
			warn("format error in line %d: %v", line, err)
			continue
		}
		text = text[idx+1:]
		if idx = strings.IndexByte(text, ','); idx == -1 {
			feedback.Warn("format error in line %d", line)
			continue
		}
		if p.Y, err = strconv.ParseFloat(text[:idx], 64); err != nil {
			warn("format error in line %d: %v", line, err)
			continue
		}
		text = text[idx+1:]
		if p.Z, err = strconv.ParseFloat(text, 64); err != nil {
			warn("format error in line %d: %v", line, err)
			continue
		}
		p = xform(p)
		mpz = append(mpz, p)
	}

	if err := s.Err(); err != nil {
		return nil, err
	}

	return mpz, nil
}

func loadXYZ(f *zip.File, feedback Feedback, xform vertexTransform) (octree.MultiPointZ, error) {
	r, err := f.Open()
	if err != nil {
		return nil, err
	}
	defer r.Close()
	return loadXYZReader(r, feedback, xform)
}

func loadXYZFile(f string, feedback Feedback, xform vertexTransform) (octree.MultiPointZ, error) {
	r, err := os.Open(f)
	if err != nil {
		return nil, err
	}
	defer r.Close()
	return loadXYZReader(r, feedback, xform)
}

func loadBoundary(z *zip.ReadCloser) (polygonSlice, error) {
	shpF := common.FindInZIP(z, ".shp")
	if shpF == nil {
		return nil, nil
	}
	prefix := strings.TrimSuffix(shpF.Name, path.Ext(shpF.Name))
	dbfF := common.FindInZIP(z, prefix+".dbf")
	if dbfF == nil {
		return nil, fmt.Errorf("no DBF file found for %s", shpF.Name)
	}

	shpR, err := shpF.Open()
	if err != nil {
		return nil, err
	}

	dbfR, err := dbfF.Open()
	if err != nil {
		shpR.Close()
		return nil, err
	}
	sr := shp.SequentialReaderFromExt(shpR, dbfR)
	defer sr.Close()

	if !sr.Next() {
		return nil, sr.Err()
	}

	_, s := sr.Shape()
	if s == nil {
		return nil, sr.Err()
	}

	return shapeToPolygon(s)
}

func generateContours(
	ctx context.Context,
	tx *sql.Tx,
	feedback Feedback,
	tree *octree.Tree,
	id int64,
) error {
	stmt, err := tx.PrepareContext(ctx, insertContourSQL)
	if err != nil {
		return err
	}
	defer stmt.Close()

	heights, err := octree.LoadClassBreaks(
		ctx, tx,
		"morphology_classbreaks",
	)
	if err != nil {
		feedback.Warn("Loading class breaks failed: %v", err)
		feedback.Info("Using default class breaks")
		heights = nil
		h := contourStepWidth * math.Ceil(tree.Min.Z/contourStepWidth)
		for ; h <= tree.Max.Z; h += contourStepWidth {
			heights = append(heights, h)
		}
	} else {
		heights = octree.ExtrapolateClassBreaks(heights, tree.Min.Z, tree.Max.Z)
		// We set steps for InBetweenClassBreaks to 1, so it
		// becomes a null operation.  The extra class breaks
		// were considered unexpected and confusing by the
		// users.  Once we get filled polygones the visual will
		// be considerably different anyway. -- sw
		// heights = octree.InBetweenClassBreaks(heights, 0.05, 1)
	}

	/*
		for i, v := range heights {
			fmt.Printf("%d %.2f\n", i, v)
		}
		log.Printf("%.2f - %.2f\n", tree.Min.Z, tree.Max.Z)
	*/

	heights = common.DedupFloat64s(heights)

	octree.DoContours(tree, heights, func(res *octree.ContourResult) {
		if err == nil && len(res.Lines) > 0 {
			_, err = stmt.ExecContext(
				ctx,
				id, res.Height, tree.EPSG,
				res.Lines.AsWKB2D(),
				contourTolerance)
		}
	})

	return err
}